KEGG   ENZYME: 2.1.1.159
Entry
EC 2.1.1.159                Enzyme                                 
Name
theobromine synthase;
monomethylxanthine methyltransferase;
MXMT;
CTS1;
CTS2;
S-adenosyl-L-methionine:7-methylxanthine 3-N-methyltransferase
Class
Transferases;
Transferring one-carbon groups;
Methyltransferases
Sysname
S-adenosyl-L-methionine:7-methylxanthine N3-methyltransferase
Reaction(IUBMB)
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 7-methylxanthine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3,7-dimethylxanthine [RN:R07919]
Reaction(KEGG)
R07919
Substrate
S-adenosyl-L-methionine [CPD:C00019];
7-methylxanthine [CPD:C16353]
Product
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine [CPD:C00021];
3,7-dimethylxanthine [CPD:C07480]
Comment
This is the third enzyme in the caffeine-biosynthesis pathway. This enzyme can also catalyse the conversion of paraxanthine into caffeine, although the paraxanthine pathway is considered to be a minor pathway for caffeine biosynthesis [2,3].
History
EC 2.1.1.159 created 2007
Pathway
ec00232  Caffeine metabolism
ec01100  Metabolic pathways
ec01110  Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
ec01120  Microbial metabolism in diverse environments
Orthology
K12730  theobromine synthase
Reference
1  [PMID:11108716]
  Authors
Ogawa M, Herai Y, Koizumi N, Kusano T, Sano H
  Title
7-Methylxanthine methyltransferase of coffee plants. Gene isolation and enzymatic properties.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:8213-8 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M009480200
  Sequence
Reference
2  [PMID:12746542]
  Authors
Uefuji H, Ogita S, Yamaguchi Y, Koizumi N, Sano H
  Title
Molecular cloning and functional characterization of three distinct N-methyltransferases involved in the caffeine biosynthetic pathway in coffee plants.
  Journal
Plant Physiol 132:372-80 (2003)
DOI:10.1104/pp.102.019679
  Sequence
Reference
3  [PMID:16333668]
  Authors
Yoneyama N, Morimoto H, Ye CX, Ashihara H, Mizuno K, Kato M.
  Title
Substrate specificity of N-methyltransferase involved in purine alkaloids synthesis is dependent upon one amino acid residue of the enzyme.
  Journal
Mol Genet Genomics 275:125-35 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00438-005-0070-z
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 2.1.1.159
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 2.1.1.159
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 2.1.1.159
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 2.1.1.159
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