KEGG   ENZYME: 4.5.1.2
Entry
EC 4.5.1.2                  Enzyme                                 
Name
3-chloro-D-alanine dehydrochlorinase;
beta-chloro-D-alanine dehydrochlorinase;
3-chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase (deaminating)
Class
Lyases;
Carbon-halide lyases;
Carbon-halide lyases (only sub-subclass identified to date)
Sysname
3-chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase (deaminating; pyruvate-forming)
Reaction(IUBMB)
3-chloro-D-alanine + H2O = pyruvate + chloride + NH3 (overall reaction) [RN:R01031];
(1a) 3-chloro-D-alanine = chloride + 2-aminoprop-2-enoate;
(1b) 2-aminoprop-2-enoate = 2-iminopropanoate (spontaneous);
(1c) 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH3 (spontaneous)
Reaction(KEGG)
R01031
Substrate
3-chloro-D-alanine [CPD:C02634];
H2O [CPD:C00001];
2-aminoprop-2-enoate [CPD:C02218];
2-iminopropanoate [CPD:C20904]
Product
pyruvate [CPD:C00022];
chloride [CPD:C00698];
NH3 [CPD:C00014];
2-aminoprop-2-enoate [CPD:C02218];
2-iminopropanoate [CPD:C20904]
Comment
A pyridoxal-phosphate protein. The enzyme cleaves a carbon-chlorine bond, releasing a chloride and an unstable enamine product that tautomerizes to an imine form, which undergoes a hydrolytic deamination to form pyruvate and ammonia. The latter reaction, which can occur spontaneously, can also be catalysed by EC 3.5.99.10, 2-iminobutanoate/2-iminopropanoate deaminase. The enzyme's activity can also result in beta-replacement reactions, e.g. in the presence of hydrogen sulfide it can convert 3-chloro-D-alanine into D-cysteine and chloride.
History
EC 4.5.1.2 created 1984
Reference
1  [PMID:3132906]
  Authors
Nagasawa T, Ishii T, Yamada H.
  Title
Physiological comparison of D-cysteine desulfhydrase of Escherichia coli with 3-chloro-D-alanine dehydrochlorinase of Pseudomonas putida CR 1-1.
  Journal
Arch Microbiol 149:413-6 (1988)
DOI:10.1007/bf00425580
Reference
2  [PMID:6791643]
  Authors
Yamada H, Nagasawa T, Ohkishi H, Kawakami B, Tani Y.
  Title
Synthesis of D-cysteine from 3-chloro-D-alanine and hydrogen sulfide by 3-chloro-D-alanine hydrogen chloride-lyase (deaminating) of Pseudomonas putida.
  Journal
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 100:1104-10 (1981)
DOI:10.1016/0006-291X(81)91937-9
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 4.5.1.2
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 4.5.1.2
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 4.5.1.2
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 4.5.1.2
CAS: 78990-65-5
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