Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is an autosomal recessive epileptic encephalopathy characterized by a therapeutic response to pharmacological dosages of pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) and resistance to conventional antiepileptic treatment. Antiquitin (ATQ) deficiency is the main cause of PDE. Antiquitin is encoded by ALDH7A1 gene, and functions in the lysine degradation pathway. Its deficiency results in accumulation of alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde (AASA), piperideine-6-carboxylate (P6C) and pipecolic acid, which serve as diagnostic markers in urine, plasma, and CSF.
Category
Nervous system disease
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
08 Diseases of the nervous system
Epilepsy or seizures
8A61 Genetic or presumed genetic syndromes primarily expressed as epilepsy
H01247 Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
Amino acid metabolism
nt06036 Lysine degradation
H01247 Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy
Stockler S, Plecko B, Gospe SM Jr, Coulter-Mackie M, Connolly M, van Karnebeek C, Mercimek-Mahmutoglu S, Hartmann H, Scharer G, Struijs E, Tein I, Jakobs C, Clayton P, Van Hove JL
Title
Pyridoxine dependent epilepsy and antiquitin deficiency: clinical and molecular characteristics and recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
