KEGG   DISEASE: Testicular cancer
Entry
H00023                      Disease                                
Name
Testicular cancer
Description
Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) comprises about 98% of all testicular neoplasms and is thereby the most common malignancy among young males. Overall, three different entities of TGCT can be distinguished: teratomas and yolk sac tumors of newborns and infants, seminomatous and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of adolescents and young adults, and spermatocytic seminoma of elderly men. Recent studies of TGCTs have suggested that overexpression of cyclin D2 is a very early, possibly the oncogenic, event in GC tumorigenesis.
Category
Cancer
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
 02 Neoplasms
  Malignant neoplasms, except primary neoplasms of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
   Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
    Malignant neoplasms of male genital organs
     2C80  Malignant neoplasms of testis
      H00023  Testicular cancer
Tumor markers [br08442.html]
 H00023
Cancer-associated carbohydrates [br08441.html]
 H00023
Pathway
hsa04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
Gene
CCND2 (amplification) [HSA:894] [KO:K10151]
FGFR3 [HSA:2261] [KO:K05094]
KIT [HSA:3815] [KO:K05091]
STK11 [HSA:6794] [KO:K07298]
Drug
Ifosfamide [DR:D00343]
Vinblastine sulfate [DR:D01068]
Etoposide [DR:D00125]
Etoposide phosphate [DR:D04107]
Dactinomycin [DR:D00214]
Bleomycin sulfate [DR:D02177]
Cisplatin [DR:D00275]
Other DBs
ICD-11: 2C80
ICD-10: C62
MeSH: D013736
OMIM: 273300
Reference
PMID:18042148
  Authors
Lind GE, Skotheim RI, Lothe RA
  Title
The epigenome of testicular germ cell tumors.
  Journal
APMIS 115:1147-60 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_660.xml.x
Reference
PMID:10749107
  Authors
Chaganti RS, Houldsworth J.
  Title
Genetics and biology of adult human male germ cell tumors.
  Journal
Cancer Res 60:1475-82 (2000)
Reference
PMID:9791864
  Authors
Lutzker SG, Barnard NJ.
  Title
Testicular germ cell tumors: molecular understanding and clinical implications.
  Journal
Mol Med Today 4:404-11 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S1357-4310(98)01329-X
Reference
PMID:17683189
  Authors
Bahrami A, Ro JY, Ayala AG.
  Title
An overview of testicular germ cell tumors.
  Journal
Arch Pathol Lab Med 131:1267-80 (2007)
DOI:10.1043/1543-2165(2007)131[1267:AOOTGC]2.0.CO;2
Reference
PMID:9056671 (CCND2)
  Authors
Houldsworth J, Reuter V, Bosl GJ, Chaganti RS
  Title
Aberrant expression of cyclin D2 is an early event in human male germ cell tumorigenesis.
  Journal
Cell Growth Differ 8:293-9 (1997)
Reference
PMID:19855393 (FGFR3)
  Authors
Goriely A, Hansen RM, Taylor IB, Olesen IA, Jacobsen GK, McGowan SJ, Pfeifer SP, McVean GA, Rajpert-De Meyts E, Wilkie AO
  Title
Activating mutations in FGFR3 and HRAS reveal a shared genetic origin for congenital disorders and testicular tumors.
  Journal
Nat Genet 41:1247-52 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/ng.470
Reference
PMID:10362788 (KIT)
  Authors
Tian Q, Frierson HF Jr, Krystal GW, Moskaluk CA
  Title
Activating c-kit gene mutations in human germ cell tumors.
  Journal
Am J Pathol 154:1643-7 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65419-3
Reference
PMID:9605748 (STK11)
  Authors
Avizienyte E, Roth S, Loukola A, Hemminki A, Lothe RA, Stenwig AE, Fossa SD, Salovaara R, Aaltonen LA
  Title
Somatic mutations in LKB1 are rare in sporadic colorectal and testicular tumors.
  Journal
Cancer Res 58:2087-90 (1998)
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