PATHWAY: vvo00020 Help
Entry
Name
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) - Vicia villosa (hairy vetch)
Description
The citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) is an important aerobic pathway for the final steps of the oxidation of carbohydrates and fatty acids. The cycle starts with acetyl-CoA, the activated form of acetate, derived from glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation for carbohydrates and from beta oxidation of fatty acids. The two-carbon acetyl group in acetyl-CoA is transferred to the four-carbon compound of oxaloacetate to form the six-carbon compound of citrate. In a series of reactions two carbons in citrate are oxidized to CO2 and the reaction pathway supplies NADH for use in the oxidative phosphorylation and other metabolic processes. The pathway also supplies important precursor metabolites including 2-oxoglutarate. At the end of the cycle the remaining four-carbon part is transformed back to oxaloacetate. According to the genome sequence data, many organisms seem to lack genes for the full cycle [MD:
M00009 ], but contain genes for specific segments [MD:
M00010 M00011 ].
Class
Metabolism; Carbohydrate metabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Module
vvo_M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:vvo00020 ]
vvo_M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:vvo00020 ]
Other DBs
Organism
Vicia villosa (hairy vetch) [GN:
vvo ]
Gene
131641175 isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] regulatory subunit 1, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00030 ] [EC:1.1.1.41 ]
131615793 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00658 ] [EC:2.3.1.61 ]
131608228 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
131632260 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
131609094 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
131635958 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
131603890 succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome B subunit, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00236 ]
131631042 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 3-1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00236 ]
131601757 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 3-1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00236 ]
131639015 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 3-1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00236 ]
131616831 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 4, mitochondrial-like [KO:K25801 ]
131623368 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 2 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
131624834 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 1 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
131642573 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 4 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
131642623 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 4 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
131643699 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 5 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
131643797 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 1 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
131616236 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 2 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
Compound
C05125 2-(alpha-Hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate
C05381 3-Carboxy-1-hydroxypropyl-ThPP
C15972 Enzyme N6-(lipoyl)lysine
C15973 Enzyme N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine
C16254 [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] S-succinyldihydrolipoyllysine
C16255 [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] S-acetyldihydrolipoyllysine
Reference
Authors
Nishizuka Y (ed).
Title
[Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1980)
Reference
Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
Authors
Michal G.
Title
Biochemical Pathways
Journal
Wiley (1999)
Related pathway
vvo00053 Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
vvo00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
vvo00280 Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
vvo00630 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
KO pathway
LinkDB
All DBs