Entry Name Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Homo sapiens (human)
Description Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:
M00021 ]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:
M00338 ]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:
M00017 ]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:
M00034 ].
Class Metabolism; Amino acid metabolismBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map hsa00270 Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Ortholog table Module Network Element N01630 Remethylation, Hcy to Met
Drug D03021 Azacitidine (JAN/USAN/INN)
Other DBs Organism Homo sapiens (human) [GN:
hsa ]
Gene 4548 MTR; 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase [KO:K00548 ] [EC:2.1.1.13 ]
27430 MAT2B; methionine adenosyltransferase 2 non-catalytic beta subunit [KO:K00789 ] [EC:2.5.1.6 ]
2730 GCLM; glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit [KO:K11205 ]
Compound C00019 S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
C00021 S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
C00441 L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C01118 O-Succinyl-L-homoserine
C01137 S-Adenosylmethioninamine
C01180 4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid
C01234 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate
C03431 S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine
C03539 S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine
C04188 S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate
C04582 S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate
C05526 S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine
C08276 3-(Methylthio)propanoate
C11437 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
C15606 1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one
C15650 2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate
C15651 2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate
C18049 N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone
C19787 5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine
C21015 gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate
C22359 S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
Reference Authors Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A
Title Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.
Title A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.
Journal Reference Authors Sekowska A, Danchin A.
Title The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
Journal Reference Authors Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.
Title Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.
Journal Reference Authors Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD
Title Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S
Title Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.
Journal Reference Authors Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E
Title A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A
Title Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
Journal Reference Authors Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D
Title Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?
Journal Reference Authors Mino K, Ishikawa K
Title Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.
Journal Reference Authors Tanabe S
Title Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.
Journal Reference Authors Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
Title [Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
Journal Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference Authors Gutierrez JA, Crowder T, Rinaldo-Matthis A, Ho MC, Almo SC, Schramm VL
Title Transition state analogs of 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase disrupt quorum sensing.
Journal Related hsa00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
hsa00260 Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
hsa00290 Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
hsa00430 Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
hsa00770 Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
hsa00900 Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
